Bathtub

A bathtub is a household fixture designed for bathing while sitting or reclining in a container filled with water. It is usually made from materials such as enamelled steel, acrylic, fiberglass or cast iron, chosen for their durability and resistance to water. Its inner surface is shaped to hold water, while the drain at the bottom carries used water into the household plumbing system.

Many bathtubs also have an overflow opening near the upper edge. If the water level rises too high, this opening provides an additional path for water to escape and helps reduce the risk of overflowing. Bathtubs come in different shapes and sizes, depending on the available space and how they are intended to be used.

Before using a bathtub, the drain is closed and water is added to a comfortable level and temperature. Warm water can help the body relax, although water that is excessively hot may cause discomfort or burns, especially for young children. After bathing, the drain is opened so that the water flows away through the plumbing.

The tub should then be rinsed and cleaned regularly to remove soap residue, oils and other deposits. Because its surface stays wet for periods of time, proper cleaning and drying also help limit the growth of microorganisms. Unlike a shower, which generally uses a continuous flow of water, a bathtub is designed to contain a volume of water around the bather.