Hammer

A hammer is a hand tool designed mainly for striking, driving, or shaping materials. A typical hammer has a heavy head attached to a handle, allowing the user to transfer force to a small area. The head is often made of steel, while the handle may be made of wood, fiberglass, or another durable material. Different hammer designs serve different purposes.

A claw hammer, for example, has a striking face on one side and a curved claw on the other, which can be used to pull nails or separate materials. Other types include ball-peen hammers for metalworking and heavier hammers designed for construction or demolition work. The shape and mass of the head affect how the tool behaves when it is swung.

When a hammer strikes an object, the motion of the head is transferred to the material as a force acting over a short period. The concentrated impact can drive a nail into wood, break a brittle material, or deform a softer metal. The handle provides leverage and gives the user a practical way to control the movement of the head.

Hammers are widely used in construction, woodworking, metalworking, repairs, and many other tasks. Choosing the appropriate type and size depends on the material and the job being performed. Safe use requires a firm grip, controlled movements, and suitable eye protection when flying fragments could be produced. The striking surface and handle should also be kept in good condition so that the tool remains reliable during use.